A safiyar ranar 21 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 2014, an yi amfani da faretin miski a birnin Beijing Qiaofu Fangcao ta jirgin sama mai zaman kansa, inda ya je ma'aikatar kimiyya da fasaha ta kasar Sin domin yin nazari kan makomar shigar Tesla zuwa kasar Sin.A ko da yaushe ma'aikatar kimiyya da fasaha tana karfafa Tesla, amma a wannan karon musk ya rufe kofa kuma ya samu amsa mai zuwa: Kasar Sin na yin la'akari da sake fasalin haraji na motocin lantarki.Kafin kamala garambawul, har yanzu samfurin s zai biya harajin kashi 25% kamar motocin mai na gargajiya.

Don haka musk yana shirin "yi ihu" ta wurin taron masu kirkiro na geek Park.A babban dakin wasan wake-wake na Zhongshan, Yang Yuanqing, Zhou Hongyi, Zhang Yiming da sauransu sun zauna a dandalin.Kuma miski ya jira a bayan matakin, ya fitar da wayar salularsa ya yi tweeting.Lokacin da wakar ta buge, sai ya zagaya zuwa filin wasa, yana murna da tafi.Amma lokacin da ya dawo Amurka, ya yi ta tweet kuma ya koka: "A China, mu kamar jariri ne mai rarrafe."

Tun daga wannan lokacin, Tesla ya kasance a kan fatarar fatara sau da yawa yayin da kasuwa ke da yawa kuma matsalar dystocia ta haifar da tsawon rabin shekara ta sake zagayowar tarin abokin ciniki.Sakamakon haka, miski ya rushe har ma yana shan tabar tabar rayuwa, yana barci a masana'antar California kowace rana don sa ido kan ci gaba.Hanya mafi kyau don magance matsalar iya aiki ita ce gina manyan masana'antu a kasar Sin.Don haka, Musk ya yi kuka a cikin jawabinsa a Hong Kong: ga abokan cinikin Sinawa, har ma ya koyi amfani da wechat.

Lokaci yana tashi.A ranar 7 ga Janairu, 2020, miski ya sake zuwa Shanghai kuma ya ba da rukunin farko na ƙirar gida 3 maɓallai ga masu motocin China a masana'antar Tesla Shanghai Super.Kalamansa na farko sune: Na gode wa gwamnatin kasar Sin.Ya kuma yi rawan shafa baya a wurin.Tun daga wannan lokacin, tare da raguwar farashin samfurin gida na 3, mutane da yawa a ciki da wajen masana'antar sun ce cikin firgita: ƙarshen sabbin motocin makamashi na kasar Sin yana zuwa.

Duk da haka, a cikin shekarar da ta gabata, Tesla ya fuskanci manyan abubuwan da suka faru na rollover, ciki har da konewar baturi ba tare da bata lokaci ba, inji ba tare da sarrafawa ba, hasken sama ya tashi, da dai sauransu. Kuma halin Tesla ya zama "ma'ana" ko girman kai.Kwanan nan, saboda rashin wutar lantarki na sababbin motoci, Tesla ya sha suka daga kafofin watsa labaru na tsakiya.Idan aka kwatanta, matsalar raguwar batirin Tesla ta zama ruwan dare sosai, masu motoci a Intanet suna yin tir da muryar kuma daya bayan daya.

Bisa la'akari da haka ne hukumomin jihar suka dauki mataki a hukumance.Kwanan nan, Babban Gudanarwar Kula da Kasuwa da sauran sassan biyar sun yi hira da Tesla, wanda galibi ya haɗa da matsaloli irin su haɓaka haɓaka, wutan batir, haɓaka abin hawa mai nisa, da sauransu. .

Yaya muhimmancin baturin lithium?Idan aka waiwaya kan ci gaban masana'antu, shin da gaske kasar Sin ta fahimci ainihin fasahar?Yadda ake samun nasara?

1/ Muhimman kayan aiki na zamani

A cikin karni na 20, ’yan Adam sun samar da dukiya fiye da jimlar shekaru 2000 da suka gabata.Daga cikinsu, ana iya daukar kimiyya da fasaha a matsayin wani muhimmin karfi wajen bunkasa wayewar duniya da ci gaban tattalin arziki.A cikin shekaru dari da suka gabata, abubuwan kirkire-kirkire na kimiyya da fasaha da ‘yan Adam suka kirkira suna da hazaka kamar taurari, kuma an san biyu daga cikinsu da yin tasiri mai nisa kan tsarin tarihi.Na farko shi ne transistor, wanda in ba haka ba da babu kwamfutoci;na biyu shine baturan lithium-ion, wanda idan ba haka ba duniya zata kasance ba za a iya misaltuwa ba.

A yau, ana amfani da batir lithium a cikin biliyoyin wayoyin hannu, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da sauran kayayyakin lantarki a kowace shekara, da kuma miliyoyin sabbin motocin makamashi, da ma duk na’urorin da ake iya ɗauka a duniya waɗanda ke buƙatar caji.Bugu da kari, da zuwan sabon juyin juya halin motoci na makamashi da kuma samar da karin na'urorin tafi-da-gidanka, masana'antar batirin lithium za ta samu makoma mai haske.Misali, yawan adadin batirin lithium da ake fitarwa a duk shekara ya kai yuan biliyan 200, kuma nan gaba ya kusa kusa.

Tsare-tsare da jadawali na nan gaba na kawar da motocin mai da kasashe daban-daban na duniya su ma za su kasance "cikakken biredi".Na farko ita ce Norway a cikin 2025, da Amurka, Japan da kuma yawancin ƙasashen Turai a kusa da 2035. Kasar Sin ba ta da cikakken tsarin lokaci.Idan babu sabuwar fasaha a nan gaba, masana'antar batirin lithium za ta ci gaba da bunƙasa shekaru da yawa.Ana iya cewa duk wanda ya mallaki babbar fasahar batirin lithium yana nufin samun sandar da zai mamaye masana'antar.

Kasashen yammacin Turai sun tsara jadawalin dakatar da motocin dakon mai

A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, kasashen Turai da Amurka, Sin, Japan da Koriya ta Kudu sun kaddamar da gasa mai zafi har ma da yin kaca-kaca a fagen batir lithium, wanda ya hada da shahararrun masana kimiyya da dama, da manyan jami'o'i da cibiyoyin bincike, gami da kato da gora da hadin gwiwar babban birnin kasar. man fetur, sinadarai, motoci, masana'antun kimiyya da fasaha.Wanene zai yi tunanin cewa hanyar ci gaban masana'antar batir lithium ta duniya iri ɗaya ce da ta semiconductor: ta samo asali ne daga Turai da Amurka, wanda ya fi Japan da Koriya ta Kudu ƙarfi, kuma a ƙarshe China ta mamaye ta.

A cikin shekarun 1970 da 1980, fasahar batirin lithium ta kasance a Turai da Amurka.Daga baya, Amurkawa a jere sun ƙirƙira lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide da lithium iron phosphate batura, waɗanda suka jagoranci masana'antar.A shekarar 1991, Japan ce ta farko da ta fara kera batir lithium-ion, amma sai kasuwar ta ci gaba da raguwa.A daya bangaren kuma, Koriya ta Kudu ta dogara da kasar wajen ciyar da ita gaba.A sa'i daya kuma, tare da goyon bayan gwamnati sosai, kasar Sin ta mai da masana'antar batir lithium ta farko a duniya mataki-mataki.

A cikin juyin halitta na masana'antar batirin lithium, Turai, Amurka da Japan sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta fasaha.A cikin 2019, an ba da lambar yabo ta Nobel a fannin ilmin sinadarai ga masana kimiyyar Amurka John goodinaf, Stanley whitingham da masanin kimiyar Jafanawa Yoshino don karrama gudummawar da suka bayar ga bincike da haɓaka batirin lithium-ion.Tun da masana kimiyya daga Amurka da Japan sun sami lambar yabo ta Nobel, shin da gaske kasar Sin za ta iya jagorantar fasahar fasahar batirin lithium?

2/ Kwangilar batirin lithium 

Haɓaka fasahar batirin lithium na duniya yana da dogon hanya da za a bi.A farkon shekarun 1970, don mayar da martani ga rikicin mai, Exxon ya kafa dakin gwaje-gwaje na bincike a New Jersey, yana jan hankalin ɗimbin manyan hazaka a fannin kimiyyar lissafi da ilmin sinadarai, gami da Stanley whitingham, ɗan'uwan digiri na biyu a cikin ingantaccen ilimin kimiyyar lantarki a Jami'ar Stanford.Manufarta ita ce sake gina sabon tsarin makamashi, wato, haɓaka sabon ƙarni na batura masu caji.

A lokaci guda kuma, Bell Labs ya kafa ƙungiyar masanan kimiyya da ilimin lissafi daga Jami'ar Stanford.Bangarorin biyu sun kaddamar da wata gasa mai tsananin gaske a cikin bincike da bunkasa batura masu zuwa.Ko da binciken yana da alaƙa, "kudi ba shi da matsala."Bayan kusan shekaru biyar na bincike na sirri sosai, Whitingham da tawagarsa sun fara haɓaka batirin lithium-ion mai caji na farko a duniya.

Wannan baturin lithium da ƙirƙira yana amfani da titanium sulfide azaman kayan cathode da lithium azaman kayan anode.Yana da abũbuwan amfãni na nauyi mai nauyi, babban iya aiki kuma babu tasirin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.A lokaci guda kuma, yana watsar da gazawar batirin da ya gabata, wanda za a iya cewa tsalle-tsalle ne na inganci.A cikin 1976, Exxon ya nemi izinin ƙirƙirar baturin lithium na farko a duniya, amma bai amfana da masana'antu ba.Duk da haka, wannan bai shafi sunan Whitingham a matsayin "uban lithium" da matsayinsa a duniya ba.

Ko da yake ƙirƙirar whitingham ta zaburar da masana'antar, cajin baturi da konewa da murkushe ƙungiyar ya dami ƙungiyar sosai, gami da gudinaf.Saboda haka, shi da mataimakan postdoctoral biyu sun ci gaba da bincika tebur na lokaci-lokaci bisa tsari.A cikin 1980, a ƙarshe sun yanke shawarar cewa mafi kyawun abu shine cobalt.Lithium cobalt oxide, wanda za a iya amfani da shi azaman cathode na baturan lithium-ion, ya fi kowane kayan aiki a wancan lokacin kuma cikin sauri ya mamaye kasuwa.

Tun daga wannan lokacin, fasahar batirin ɗan adam ta ɗauki babban mataki na gaba.Menene zai faru ba tare da lithium cobaltite ba?A takaice, me yasa "babbar wayar salula" ta kasance babba da nauyi?Domin babu batirin lithium cobalt.Duk da haka, kodayake baturin lithium cobalt oxide yana da fa'idodi da yawa, ana fallasa rashin amfanin sa bayan aikace-aikacen da yawa, gami da tsada mai tsada, ƙarancin juriya da aikin sake zagayowar, da kuma ƙazantar datti.

Don haka goodinav da dalibinsa Mike Thackeray sun ci gaba da neman ingantattun kayan aiki.A cikin 1982, Thackeray ya ƙirƙira batirin lithium manganate na majagaba.Amma ba da daɗewa ba, ya yi tsalle zuwa Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) don nazarin baturan lithium.Kuma Goodinaf da tawagarsa suna ci gaba da neman wasu kayan aiki, tare da rage lissafin zuwa hadewar ƙarfe da phosphorus ta hanyar sake yin musanyar karafa a cikin tebur na lokaci-lokaci.

A ƙarshe, baƙin ƙarfe da phosphorus ba su samar da tsarin da ƙungiyar ke so ba, amma sun kafa wani tsari: bayan lico3 da LiMn2O4, na uku cathode abu na lithium-ion baturi an haife shi bisa hukuma: LiFePO4.Saboda haka, mafi muhimmanci uku mafi muhimmanci na lithium-ion baturi tabbatacce electrodes duk an haife su a dakin gwaje-gwaje na dinaf tun zamanin da.Har ila yau, ya zama matattarar baturan lithium a duniya, tare da haihuwar ’yan’uwan da aka ambata a sama guda biyu na kyautar Nobel.

A cikin 1996, Jami'ar Texas ta nemi takardar izini a madadin dakin gwaje-gwaje na Goodinaf.Wannan shine farkon haƙƙin mallaka na batirin LiFePO4.Tun daga wannan lokacin, Michelle Armand, masanin kimiyyar lithium na Faransa, ya shiga cikin ƙungiyar kuma ya yi amfani da dinaf don haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin ƙura na LiFePO4, ya zama babban ikon mallaka na biyu na LiFePO4.Waɗannan haƙƙin mallaka guda biyu sune ainihin haƙƙin mallaka waɗanda ba za a iya ƙetare su ta kowace hanya ba.

3/ Canja wurin Fasaha

Tare da haɓaka aikace-aikacen fasaha, akwai matsala na gaggawa da za a warware a cikin gurɓataccen lantarki na batirin lithium cobalt oxide, don haka ba a haɓaka masana'antu cikin sauri ba.A lokacin, ana amfani da ƙarfe na lithium a matsayin kayan anode na batir lithium.Ko da yake yana iya samar da isasshen makamashi mai yawa, akwai matsaloli da yawa, ciki har da foda a hankali na kayan anode da asarar aiki, da girma na dendrites na lithium zai iya huda diaphragm, wanda ya haifar da gajeren kewaye ko ma konewa da fashewar baturi.

Lokacin da matsalar ke da wuya, Jafananci sun bayyana.Sony ya daɗe yana haɓaka batir lithium, kuma ya mai da hankali sosai kan abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniya.Koyaya, babu wani bayani kan lokacin da kuma inda aka samu fasahar lithium cobaltite.A cikin 1991, Sony ya fitar da batirin lithium-ion na kasuwanci na farko a tarihin ɗan adam, kuma ya sanya batura silindrical na lithium cobalt cylindrical da yawa cikin sabuwar kyamarar ccd-tr1.Tun daga wannan lokacin, an sake rubuta fuskar masu amfani da lantarki a duniya.

Yoshino ne ya yanke wannan muhimmiyar shawara.Ya fara yin amfani da carbon (graphite) maimakon lithium a matsayin anode na batirin lithium, kuma ya haɗa da lithium cobalt oxide cathode.Wannan yana inganta iya aiki da rayuwar zagayowar batirin lithium, kuma yana rage farashi, wanda shine ƙarfin ƙarshe na masana'antar batirin lithium.Tun daga wannan lokacin, kamfanonin Sin da Koriya ta Kudu sun yi ta zuba a cikin masana'antar batirin lithium, kuma an kafa sabuwar fasahar makamashi (ATL) a wannan lokaci.

Sakamakon satar fasaha, "haƙƙin haƙƙin" da Jami'ar Texas da wasu masana'antu suka ƙaddamar suna amfani da takuba a duk faɗin duniya, wanda ya haifar da takaddamar haƙƙin mallaka da ya shafi ƙasashe da kamfanoni da yawa.Yayin da mutane har yanzu suna tunanin cewa LiFePO4 shine baturin wutar lantarki mafi dacewa, sabon tsarin kayan cathode wanda ya hada fa'idodin lithium niobate, lithium cobalt da lithium manganese an haife shi cikin nutsuwa a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje a Kanada.

A cikin Afrilu 2001, Jeff Dann, Farfesa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a jami'ar dalhous kuma babban masanin kimiyya na ƙungiyar 3M Kanada, ya ƙirƙira babban sikelin kasuwanci nickel cobalt manganese ternary composite cathode material, wanda ya inganta batirin lithium ya karya ta matakin ƙarshe na shiga kasuwa. .A ranar 27 ga Afrilu na wannan shekarar, 3M ta nemi Amurka don neman haƙƙin mallaka, wanda shine ainihin ainihin haƙƙin mallaka na kayan ternary.Wannan yana nufin cewa muddin a cikin tsarin ternary, babu wanda zai iya kewayawa.

Kusan a lokaci guda, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) ya fara ba da shawarar manufar lithium mai arziki, kuma a kan wannan, ya ƙirƙira kayan lithium mai laushi da manyan manganese ternary kayan, kuma ya sami nasarar neman takardar izini a shekara ta 2004. Kuma mutumin da ke kula da aikin. wannan ci gaban fasaha shine thackerel, wanda ya ƙirƙira lithium manganate.Har zuwa 2012, Tesla ya fara karya tashin hankali a hankali.Musk ya ba da sau da yawa na babban albashi don ɗaukar mutane daga sashin batirin lithium R & D na 3M.

Yin amfani da wannan damar, 3M ya tura jirgin tare da halin yanzu, ya karbi dabarun "mutane suna tafiya, amma haƙƙin mallaka ya kasance", ya wargaza sashen baturi gaba daya, kuma ya sami riba mai yawa ta hanyar fitar da takardun shaida da haɗin gwiwar fasaha.An baiwa yarjejeniyar na'urori da dama da Koriya Litachium kamar Elekron, Saman Katse, L & F da Sk, Hearan Ruixian, Hunan Ruixian a China Akwai fiye da kamfanoni goma gabaɗaya.

Ana ba da haƙƙin mallaka na Anl ga kamfanoni uku kawai: BASF, wani katafaren sinadarai na Jamus, masana'antar Toyoda, masana'antar katode na Japan, da LG, wani kamfani na Koriya ta Kudu.Daga baya, a kusa da core patent gasar kayan ternary, manyan masana'antu bincike jami'a aka kafa biyu.Wannan ya kusan siffata ƙarfin fasaha na "na halitta" na masana'antun batir lithium a yamma, Japan da Koriya ta Kudu, yayin da China ba ta sami riba mai yawa ba.

4/ Haɓakar Kamfanonin China

Tun da China ba ta ƙware a ainihin fasahar ba, ta yaya ta karya lamarin?Binciken batirin lithium na kasar Sin bai makara ba, kusan yana aiki tare da duniya.A karshen shekarun 1970, karkashin shawarar Chen Liquan, masanin ilmin kimiyyar injiniya na kasar Sin dake nan Jamus, cibiyar nazarin kimiyyar lissafi ta kwalejin kimiyya ta kasar Sin ta kafa dakin gwaje-gwajen kimiyyar lissafi na farko a kasar Sin, kuma ta fara gudanar da bincike kan lithium- ion conductors da lithium baturi.A shekarar 1995, an haifi batirin lithium na farko na kasar Sin a cibiyar nazarin kimiyyar lissafi, kwalejin kimiyyar kasar Sin.

A sa'i daya kuma, albarkacin karuwar na'urori masu amfani da lantarki a shekarun 1990, batirin lithium na kasar Sin ya tashi a lokaci guda, da bullar "kattai hudu", wato Lishen, BYD, bick da ATL.Duk da cewa Japan ce ta jagoranci ci gaban masana'antar, saboda matsalar rayuwa, Sanyo Electric ta sayar wa Panasonic, ita kuma Sony ta sayar da kasuwancin batirin lithium ga samar da Murata.A cikin gasa mai zafi a kasuwa, BYD da ATL ne kawai "manyan hudu" a kasar Sin.

A shekarar 2011, tallafin da gwamnatin kasar Sin ta ba da "jerin farar fata" ya toshe kamfanonin da ke samun kudaden waje.Bayan da babban birnin kasar Japan ya same shi, asalin ATL ya ƙare.Don haka Zeng Yuqun, wanda ya kafa ATL, ya yi niyyar mayar da kasuwancin batirin wutar lantarki mai zaman kansa, da barin babban birnin kasar Sin ya shiga cikinsa, da kuma karkatar da hannun jari na babban kamfanin TDK, amma bai samu amincewa ba.Don haka Zeng Yuqun ya kafa zamanin Ningde (catl), kuma ya sami ci gaba a cikin tarin fasaha na asali, kuma ya zama baƙar fata.

Dangane da hanyar fasaha, BYD yana zaɓar batirin lithium iron phosphate mai aminci da tsada mai tsada, wanda ya bambanta da babban ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi na lithium ternary a zamanin Ningde.Wannan yana da alaƙa da tsarin kasuwancin BYD.Wang Chuanfu, wanda ya kafa kamfanin, ya ba da shawarar "cin rairayi har zuwa ƙarshe".Baya ga gilashin da tayoyi, kusan dukkan sauran sassan mota ana kera su ana sayar da su da kansu, sannan kuma su yi gogayya da duniyar waje tare da fa'idar farashi.Bisa ga haka, BYD ya daɗe a matsayi na biyu a kasuwannin cikin gida.

Amma fa'idar BYD kuma ita ce rauninsa: tana yin batura da sayar da motoci, wanda ke sa sauran masana'antun kera motoci a zahiri ba su amince da su ba kuma sun gwammace ba da umarni ga masu fafatawa maimakon kansu.Misali, Tesla, duk da cewa fasahar baturi ta BYD ta LiFePO4 ta tara da yawa, har yanzu tana zabar irin fasahar zamanin Ningde.Domin canja halin da ake ciki, BYD yana shirin raba baturin wuta da kaddamar da "batir ruwa".

Tun bayan sake fasalin da buɗewa, batirin lithium na ɗaya daga cikin ƴan fannonin da za su iya riskar ƙasashen da suka ci gaba.Dalilan su ne kamar haka: na farko, jihar ta ba da muhimmiyar kariya ga dabarun kariya;na biyu, bai yi latti don farawa ba;na uku, kasuwar cikin gida tana da yawa;na hudu, gungun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru da masu sana'a suna aiki tare don warware matsalar.Amma idan muka zurfafa, kamar sunan zamanin Ningde, nasarorin da kasar Sin ta samu a fannin tattalin arziki da kuma zamanin motocin lantarki ne suka tsara zamanin Ningde.

A halin yanzu, kasar Sin ba ta baya bayan kasashen da suka ci gaba wajen gudanar da bincike kan kayayyakin anode da electrolytes, amma har yanzu akwai wasu kurakurai, kamar na'urar raba batirin lithium, yawan makamashi da dai sauransu.Babu shakka, tarin fasaha na yamma, Japan da Koriya ta Kudu har yanzu yana da wasu fa'idodi.Misali, kodayake lokutan Ningde ya kasance a matsayi na farko a kasuwar batir ta duniya tsawon shekaru da yawa, rahotannin binciken masana'antu na cikin gida da na waje har yanzu sun lissafa Panasonic da LG a matsayi na farko, yayin da lokutan Ningde da BYD ke matsayi na biyu.

5/ Kammalawa
 

Babu shakka, tare da ci gaba da gudanar da bincike mai alaka a nan gaba, haɓakawa da aikace-aikacen batirin lithium a duniya za su haifar da kyakkyawan fata, wanda zai inganta fasalin makamashi da sabuntar al'ummar bil'adama, da kuma shigar da sabon ci gaba a cikin ci gaba mai dorewa. na tattalin arziki da zamantakewa da kuma karfafa kare muhalli.A matsayin babban kamfanin kera motoci a masana'antar, Tesla kamar kifi ne.Yayin da yake kara kuzarin samar da sabbin motocin makamashi, tana kuma kan gaba wajen kalubalantar yanayin kasuwar batirin lithium.

Zeng Yuqun ya taɓa bayyana labarin cikin ƙawancensa da Tesla: musk yana magana game da farashi duk rana.Ma'anar ita ce Tesla yana tura farashin batura.Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin tsarin aikin Tesla da Ningde a kasuwannin kasar Sin, duka abin hawa da baturi bai kamata su yi watsi da matsalar ingancin ba saboda tsada.Da zarar haka, ainihin jerin manufofin gida na kyawawan niyya za su ragu sosai cikin mahimmanci.

Bugu da kari, akwai mummunan gaskiya.Ko da yake kasar Sin ta mamaye kasuwar batirin lithium, amma mafi yawan fasahohin fasaha da ikon mallakar sinadarin phosphate da sinadarin ternary ba a hannun jama'ar kasar Sin ba ne.Idan aka kwatanta da kasar Japan, kasar Sin na da babban gibi wajen zuba jarin dan Adam da babban jari a fannin bincike da raya batirin lithium.Wannan yana nuna mahimmancin binciken kimiyya na asali, wanda ya dogara da tsayin daka da saka hannun jari na jihar, cibiyoyin binciken kimiyya da kamfanoni.

A halin yanzu, batirin lithium yana tafiya zuwa ƙarni na uku bayan tsararru biyun baya na lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate da lithium ternary.Kamar yadda manyan fasahohi da haƙƙin mallaka na ƙarni biyu na farko kamfanoni na waje suka rarraba, Sin ba ta da isassun fa'ida, amma za ta iya juyar da halin da ake ciki a ƙarni na gaba ta hanyar tsarawa da wuri.Dangane da hanyar ci gaban masana'antu na bincike na asali da haɓakawa, bincike na aikace-aikacen da haɓaka samfuran kayan batir, ya kamata mu kasance cikin shiri don yaƙi na dogon lokaci.

Ya kamata a lura cewa, ci gaba da amfani da batir lithium a kasar Sin na fuskantar kalubale da dama.Misali, a zahirin amfani da batirin lithium sabbin motocin makamashi, har yanzu akwai wasu matsaloli, kamar karancin makamashi, karancin zafin jiki, dogon lokacin caji, gajeriyar rayuwar sabis da sauransu.

Tun daga shekarar 2019, kasar Sin ta soke "jerin farar fata" na batura, kuma kamfanonin kasashen waje irin su LG da Panasonic sun koma kasuwannin kasar Sin, tare da saurin shimfidawa.A sa'i daya kuma, yayin da ake kara matsin lamba kan farashin batirin lithium, gasa a kasuwannin cikin gida na kara tsananta.Wannan zai tilasta wa masana'antun da suka dace su sami fa'ida cikin cikakkiyar gasa tare da haɓaka ƙimar samfura da saurin amsawar kasuwa, don haɓaka haɓakawa da ci gaba da haɓaka masana'antar batirin lithium ta Sin.